Publication Type:
Journal ArticleSource:
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, NATL ACAD SCIENCES, Volume 103, Number 16, 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA, p.6184-6189 (2006)URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601744103Keywords:
atomic force microscopy; cowpea chlorotic mottle virus; finite element analysis; biomechanicsAbstract:
The elastic properties of capsids of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus have been examined at pH 4.8 by nanoindentation measurements with an atomic force microscope. Studies have been carried out on W7 capsids, both empty and containing the RNA genome, and on full capsids of a salt-stable mutant and empty capsids of the subE mutant. Full capsids resisted indentation more than empty capsids, but all of the capsids were highly elastic. There was an initial reversible linear regime that persisted up to indentations varying between 20% and 30% of the diameter and applied forces of 0.6-1.0 nN; it was followed by a steep drop in force that is associated with irreversible deformation. A single point mutation in the capsid protein increased the capsid stiffness. The experiments are compared with calculations by finite element analysis of the deformation of a homogeneous elastic thick shell. These calculations capture the features of the reversible indentation region and allow Young's moduli and relative strengths to be estimated for the empty capsids.
